American History - 'Reconstruction succeeded in reintegrating the Essay

American History - 'Reconstruction succeeded in reintegrating the union, but the attempt to grand civil rights to the country - Essay Example The presidents that assumed office thereafter continued with the same trend though they were more sympathetic to the white South. The Republican Radicals were not happy with the presidential Reconstructions hence decided to take over the mandate themselves through the congress. Although congressional Reconstruction was moderate it managed to secure some civil and political rights for the blacks especially through the push of Republican Radicals. The issue of most contention during this period was the social rights which most of the Americans believed should be earned through hard work and not through legislations. In the end, the question that needs to be answered is; were Reconstruction goals achieved? This paper will argue that although Reconstruction succeeded in reintegrating the union, the attempt to grant civil rights to the country’s black population was already lost by 1877. This is because although Black rights were afforded through the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the US constitution and the Civil Rights Acts of 1866 and 1875, much of it was reversed by the Jim Crow laws with the blessing of the Supreme Court. The terror groups such as Ku Klux Klan, Red Shirts and White League also did not give opportunity to the blacks to enjoy their rights. This was further worsened by the union of Northerners and Southerners at the expense of black rights. 100 years after the end of slavery, racial inequality still persisted and continues to haunt Americans to date. Abraham Lincoln in his inaugural speech stated clearly his plans for Reconstruction of the South even before the war had ended. By 1863, the confederates had already accepted defeat and were waiting to be reprimanded by the Union. However, civil the war ended in 1865. Lincolns Reconstruction was very moderate and lenient. In December 1863 he made a proclamation of amnesty and Reconstruction granting pardon to those who took oath to support the constitution of United States and the Union of s tates.1 He also established provisional governments which were to be under executive control. The only individuals exempted from amnesty were those who aided in the rebellion especially confederate army and navy. Conspicuously missing in oath-taking, voting and holding office in the new governments were the blacks. This is despite his declaration that â€Å"the restoration of Rebel states to the union must rest upon the principle of civil and political equality of both races†.2 This clearly indicates that the intention of Reconstruction from onset was the unity of the union while the black rights were relegated to the background. The emancipation proclamation of 1863 freeing all slaves had given hope to the blacks that their condition would improve but this was just rhetoric. According to Kenneth Stamp a great historian, Lincolns hope was to persuade a great mass of blacks to leave the country although his views had changed by 1865 when he was assassinated. By this time, he b elieved blacks could become integral part of American life.3 He faced his death due to his insistence on abolition of slavery especially in the south. After him came Andrew Johnson in 1865. The reign of Johnson was filled with many gains as well as losses. Many Republicans had high hopes that he would deliver the promise of racial equality and punish the rebel states. His hatred for the South planter class was apparent and in

Advertisig portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advertisig portfolio - Essay Example The copywriting also suggests the devilish association but keeps itself pithy and short, which is the best way to drive the message home. The second advertisement for Heinz ketchup (Appendix) is a good advertisement because it is creative and unexpected. The advertisement reads, â€Å"No one grows ketchup like Heinz†. This is an example of excellent copywriting; it adheres to the norms of being clear, direct and simple (Burton and Purvis, 1996). It is quickly and easily grasped and striking because it literally transmits its message for tomato ketchup by using the image of fresh tomatoes. There is no further clutter in the ad, so a viewer zeroes in on the image of the Heinz tomato â€Å"bottle† and the message. Since consumers typically view a print for less than 15 seconds (Pieters, Rosbergen and Hartog, 1996), this ad is likely to gain attention quickly and drive the message home equally home, hence as an ad, it is very effective. The third advertisement for the Mini car is a masterpiece, primarily because of the layout format it uses. The advertisement occupies a full two page spread but the car occupies only a small corner. The juxtaposition of tire tracks with the staples at the centre of the page is yet another element that adds to the message of the advertisement and draws attention to its quality of smallness which makes the car desirable. McQuarrie and Mick (1996) have defined advertising rhetoric as an expression that systematically diverges from the expectation of the viewer by moving away from convention. This advertisement also achieves the move away from convention, especially in terms of its layout and the simple direct message inviting the viewer to try the Mini. The sparse copywriting in this ad only enhances its efficacy; it is simple, direct and drives the point home. The fourth advertisement for fabric softener is also a

Age Effect on M-Commerce Retail Customers Dissertation

Age Effect on M-Commerce Retail Customers - Dissertation Example The consumers are divided into two age groups: 18-35 and 36 and older. Using contingency theory and simple regression analysis the results are analysed for statistical significance of age. The results and implications for further research are discussed. Table of Contents Abstract 4 List of Abbreviations 6 Definition of Terms 7 Chapter One: Introduction to the Study 8 1.1.Background 8 1.2.Statement of the Problem 10 1.3.Purpose of the Study 13 1.4.Aim and Objectives 14 1.4.1 Aim 14 1.4.2. Objectives 14 1.5.Research Questions 15 1.6.Hypotheses 15 1.7.Research Methodology 16 1.7.1.Research Instruments 17 1.7.2.Limitations and Delimitations 18 1.7.3.Assumptions 19 1.9.Organization of the Study 21 1.10.Chapter Summary 22 Chapter Two: Literature Review 23 2.1. Introduction 23 2.2. M-Commerce: Mobile Networks, Services and Applications 23 2.3. M-Commerce and the Retail Sector 29 2.3.1. The Retail Sector 29 2.3.2. The Retail Sector and M-Commerce 31 2.4. M-Commerce and Consumer Trends Worldw ide 37 2.5. Consumer Adaptability, Acceptance and Attitudes Toward M-Commerce 42 2.5.1. Adaptability 42 2.5.2. Acceptance 50 2.5.3. Attitudes 59 2.6. Themes in the Literature 62 2.6.1. History, Development and Trends in M-Commerce Use Globally 62 2.6.1.1. Retail 62 2.6.1.2. Consumer Trends 65 2.6.2. M-Commerce and Consumer Adaptability, Acceptance and Attitudes: Previous Studies 66 2.6.2.1. Adaptability 66 2.6.2.2. Acceptance 69 2.6.2.3. Attitudes 71 2.7. Summary 71 Chapter Three: Research Methodology 73 3.1. Introduction 73 3.2. Contingency Theory 73 3.3. Research Philosophy 75 3.4. Research Methods 77 3.4.1. Data Collection 79 3.4.2. Data Analysis 85 3.5. Trustworthiness 88 3.6. Ethical Considerations 90 3.7. Summary 92 Chapter Four: Results and Analysis 93 4.1. Introduction 93 4.2. Results 93 4.3. Analysis 104 1.11.Aim and Objectives 133 1.4.1 Aim 133 1.4.2. Objectives 133 1.12.Research Questions 134 1.13.Hypotheses 135 1.14.Statement of the Problem 138 1.15.Purpose of the Study 141 1.16.Aim and Objectives 141 1.4.1 Aim 141 1.4.2. Objectives 142 List of Abbreviations B2C: Business to Consumer IT: Information Technologies LAN: Local Area Network PB: Perceived Benefits PU: Perceived Usefulness PEOU: Perceived Ease of Use TAM: Technology Acceptance Model TPB: Theory of Planned Behavior TRA: Theory of Reasoned Action WAP: Wireless Application Protocol Definition of Terms E-commerce: Selling and purchasing goods and services via electronic platforms. Interoperability: Diverse systems working together for one common goal. M-Commerce: Wireless of mobile transaction involving transfers of funds. M-Payments: Method for making payments via mobile or wireless devices. Chapter One: Introduction to the Study 1.1. Background A number of different mobile wireless devices and services are now available and range from mobile telephone networks to wireless local area networks (LANs). These kinds of devices and services are encapsulated by mobile commerce, more broadly known as m-commerce (Liu & Chen, 2009). M-commerce is a branch of e-commerce and as such is defined as any monetary or economic transaction performed by use of a mobile wireless device or by â€Å"wireless technology†, by at least one of the parties to the transaction (Mohpatra, 2013, p. 81). Bidgoli (2011) simplifies the definition of m-commerce by defining it as a â€Å"new market are created by web-enabled mobile phone services†

Analysis opera market in Princeton area including psychographic Assignment

Analysis opera market in Princeton area including psychographic profile including life-styles, attitudes, personalities - Assignment Example Such has been used to hold iconic events in the region. An example of an Opera House that has been successful over time is the Sydney Opera House that has been active for over 40 years (ABC News). Linking personality to promote the opera house is important. People who are mostly open, conscientiousness and extroverted are more willing to offer clientele. In the area, people like meeting up, the opera would provide the meeting point. The opera house will be a place to exchange ideas among the people. The people may perceive opera houses to be places for rich people. This may influence the high income earners to go to the opera house. The desire of the people in the region to go to the opera house will be driven by curiosity to seek entertainment from the new establishment in the area. Moreover, more people can be coerced to the opera by their peers since most of the population in the region consists of young adults to middle aged person. In this regard, the psychographic data is important in establishing the market for the opera house. According to Kane, an editor with the Irish Times, a good example is the Wexford Opera house where in 2014 reported to have sold almost 90% of the 21 500 tickets put for sale for the different

Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Knowledge - Essay Example t the person may turn out to be as disappointing as the previous one; in which case my knowledge is not based on truth, but only belief which is not ultimately justified How is Justification possible? Justification is often inferential depending on another justified belief. But as this takes us to a slow and roundabout path to establish truth, some theorists argue that there must be some basic beliefs on which our justification can rely on. This theory is termed Foundationalism. Other thinking pattern, termed Coherentism reject the idea of foundationalism. According to this school of thought, it is important that belief system is not mutually contradicting, but must remain consistent, cohesive and within human comprehension. There is yet another alternative theory Reliabilism, which holds that there must be a mechanism which supports our belief system and which is reliable enough to be justified. Our beliefs directly depend on our perception of the world, perception we acquire from books, media and the people. Perception makes us delve under the surface, contents supplied by our experiences. They act rather like a reflective process. There are two schools of thought: Empiricism and Rationalism. What do the empiricists say? According to the empiricists we learn everything through our personal perception that we gain from our own experience. The empiricists emphasized on our sense perception. When we enter this world our mind is a ’blank slate’, holds John Locke. Empiricists, however, concede to certain basic truth such as â€Å" there are no four sided triangles†. What do the rationalists say? Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, belonged to the rationalist school of thought. Descartes argues that ‘ we possess at least some innate knowledge’, such as our faculty for language. Senses often deceive us, e.g., ‘straight stick appears bent in water’, ‘and colored objects may appear gray in the dark.’ In fact we have reason to doubt everything in our external

Case_2_-_Al_Dar-done-X Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case_2_-_Al_Dar-done-X - Case Study Example For example, the company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2009 was AED 1,979.3 million compared to AED 4,978.3 million for the previous year (year 2008). That was a decrease of about 60.2%. In addition, the profit for that year was AED 1,006.9 million compared to AED 3,446.7 million in the previous year. Second, the reduction in the company’s profitability levels minimized its ability to handle debt obligations promptly. In addition, the property crash had left the market with just a few private players with the capacity to and the will to buy the assets. Therefore, the mentioned reasons landed the company in liquidity deficit situation, thus, the inability to handle the debt. Third, the cost reduction strategy of the company involving the layoff of 105 employees sparked worries among the employees. Most of them were unsure of their job security in the business thus, the genesis of the reduction in morale. The UAE’s real estate industry is deeply affected by the global debt crisis. The foreign investors reduced the level of investment in the property. The residents’ purchasing power was also reduced by the inflation effect. For that reason, the demand for housing products is low leading to a reduction in rental prices. The following economic factors have affected the company’s performance: first, the unification of the individual states to form the Union, which prompted widespread infrastructural development, which boosted the company’s performance. Second, the oil boom in the 1970s up to 1990s provided the capital necessary for economic growth and development, which increased the company’s performance. Last, the 2007-2010 credit crunch led to a reduction in the enterprise’s performance. Yes, the economy, the industry, and the company were shaken. Since the demand for real estate products and the level of foreign investments reduced, the profitability of the industry declined. The

Risk assessment and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Risk assessment and management - Essay Example Their tools are: - To keep account of their own risks, risk assessment and prevailing regulations - To establish internal goals for work environments based on risk assessment - To keep the employees informed and instructed, to have sufficient knowledge available to manage risks and ensure that the employees participate in the Health and Safety (H&S)-work. - To assess dangers and problems, measure exposure if necessary The company also has to carry out preventive measures like: - Substitution of chemicals, products, methods or processes - Technical measures (encapsulation, confinement, exhaust devices) - Organisational measures - Hygienic measures (clothing, availability of lockers and showers etc) - Providing personal protective equipment (PPE) - Perform internal audits, in form of verifications as well as revisions, surveillance 3 - Evaluation of preventive measures Stakeholders: Stakeholders should also be involved in the risk management in production and transportation of Formaldehyde so that a transparent and effective process is ensured. When stakeholders are involved, it gives them a chance to take part in the interactive exchange of information and opinion about risk. It also helps to connect gaps in understanding, to add to the distribution of values and perceptions, and to assist the exchange of information and thoughts that allow all parties to make knowledgeable decisions. (http://www.fao.org/docrep). According to the European Chemicals Bureau, elimination should be the main objective. But since the manufacture of Formaldehyde and its transportation is the main reason of survival of the company, it can adopt by taking preventive measures and... Risk assessment and management The different risk management tools which the management can use to reduce risk in the manufacture and transportation of formaldehyde is: (Ackley 1980, Bosseau et al 1992). The company has to implement the regulations laid out by the concerned body and has to try to establish a form of quality assurance (Internal Control) to ensure that they are actually implemented. This includes responsibility for characterising exposure, performing proper risk assessment of conditions and taking the necessary preventive measures. Do away with risks: Less risky situations can be ensured by bringing in changes in the productive process or substitution of dangerous substances; Decrease and limit risks by taking measures at the source of the exposure such as isolation, aspiration, ventilation systems, and other actions; And finally, protection of workers, in case the risks are not fully eliminated, or properly reduced and controlled. The worker has to be provided with individual protective equipment. Sometimes a combination of the three prevention measures above-mentioned may be required. If at all these preventive measures cannot be taken, then the risk is not fully eliminated or it can be said that it is not at a minimally acceptable degree. Technical evaluations in the form of tests to workers and the workplace environment should be done to compare the actual exposure in the workplace with threshold limit values.